Understanding Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

What is OCD?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurring, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that cause significant anxiety, followed by repetitive behaviors or mental rituals (compulsions) aimed at reducing that anxiety. People with OCD often realize their thoughts and behaviors are irrational but feel unable to stop them, which can severely impact daily life.

Symptoms of OCD

• Obsessions: Intrusive, distressing thoughts or images that cause anxiety. Common obsessions include fear of germs or contamination, fear of causing harm, unwanted sexual or violent thoughts, need for symmetry or order, and excessive doubts.

• Compulsions: Repetitive actions or mental acts performed to relieve anxiety caused by obsessions. Examples include excessive hand washing, checking, counting, arranging, or repeating words silently. Although compulsions provide temporary relief, they often reinforce the obsessive cycle.

Causes of OCD

The exact cause of OCD is not fully understood but may involve a combination of biological, genetic, and environmental factors:

• Brain differences, especially in areas that regulate emotions and behavior

• Imbalances in neurotransmitters such as serotonin

• Family history of OCD or other anxiety disorders

• Stressful life events or trauma may trigger or worsen symptoms

Diagnosis and Treatment

At Dr. Aakansha Kharb Neuropsychiatry Clinic, diagnosis involves a detailed clinical assessment to identify the patterns and severity of obsessions and compulsions. Treatment typically combines psychotherapy and medication, tailored to each patient’s needs:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Specifically, Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is highly effective. It involves gradual exposure to feared objects or thoughts while preventing the usual compulsive response, helping patients build control over symptoms.

• Medications: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine, sertraline, and clomipramine are commonly prescribed to help balance brain chemistry and reduce symptoms.

• Additional Support: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), mindfulness, relaxation techniques, and psychoeducation can complement primary treatments. Severe or resistant cases may be considered for advanced therapies such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

Why Early Treatment is Important

OCD symptoms can significantly disrupt daily functioning, relationships, and quality of life. Early and consistent treatment improves outcomes, helping patients regain control and reduce the burden of obsessions and compulsions. With the right support, many people with OCD lead fulfilling and productive lives.

Reach Out for Help

If obsessions and compulsions interfere with your daily life, don’t delay seeking help. Contact Dr. Aakansha Kharb Neuropsychiatry Clinic for expert assessment, effective treatment, and compassionate care on your path to managing OCD.