Understanding Headaches

What is a Headache?
A headache is pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck. It is one of the most common physical symptoms experienced by people worldwide. Headaches can vary widely in intensity, frequency, and duration. They may be primary, such as tension headaches, migraines, and cluster headaches, or secondary, caused by underlying medical conditions or injuries.

Common Types of Headaches

• Tension Headaches: The most common type, often described as a tight band or pressure around the head. They are typically caused by muscle tension in the head, neck, or jaw and may be triggered by stress, poor posture, or fatigue.

• Migraine Headaches: Characterized by intense, throbbing pain usually on one side of the head, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraines can last from hours to days and may include warning symptoms called auras.

• Cluster Headaches: Severe headaches that occur in cyclical patterns or clusters, causing sharp, penetrating pain usually around one eye. These headaches can last from 30 minutes to 90 minutes and may repeat several times a day during a cluster period.

Symptoms of Headaches

Symptoms vary depending on the type but commonly include:

• Dull, pressure-like pain or throbbing sensation

• Pain localized to one or both sides of the head

• Sensitivity to light, sound, or smells (especially with migraines)

• Stiffness or pain in the neck and shoulders

• Nausea or vomiting (in migraines)

• Watering eyes and nasal congestion (in cluster headaches)

Causes of Headaches

Headaches can result from multiple factors, including:

• Stress and emotional tension

• Poor posture or muscle strain in the neck and shoulders

• Dehydration or irregular eating patterns

• Hormonal changes or imbalances

• Sleep disturbances

• Environmental triggers such as noise, strong smells, or bright lights

• Medical conditions like sinus infections, high blood pressure, or medication overuse

Diagnosis and Treatment

At Dr. Aakansha Kharb Neuropsychiatry Clinic, we begin with a detailed assessment including medical history and symptom evaluation to determine your headache type and underlying causes. Treatment plans are personalized and may include:

• Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen for mild headaches; prescription medications such as triptans for migraines; preventive medicines for chronic conditions.

• Lifestyle Adjustments: Stress management, regular exercise, adequate hydration, and diet modifications to reduce triggers.

• Therapies: Physical therapy, relaxation techniques, cognitive behavioral therapy, and biofeedback to address muscle tension and tension-type headaches.

• Specialized Care: For complex or severe headaches, advanced diagnostics and treatments are available to ensure effective relief and management.

When to Seek Medical Help

Seek professional evaluation if your headaches:

• Are severe or sudden and unlike previous headaches

• Occur frequently or increase in intensity over time

• Are accompanied by neurological symptoms such as vision changes, weakness, or confusion

• Wake you from sleep or interfere significantly with daily activities

• Occur after head injury

Take Control of Your Headache

With the right diagnosis and treatment, most headaches can be effectively managed, improving quality of life. If headaches are affecting your daily routine or causing distress, schedule an appointment at Dr. Aakansha Kharb Neuropsychiatry Clinic to receive expert guidance and tailored care.